Tags: lakme fashion week 2008 images, images of real, micrographs images, calendar images, o rly images Granting of the rights to the earth and protection in exchange for work and other services, Followed old practice of use slavish, forced labour, that Simultaneously to satisfy - though and by means of the most severe and unnatural Receptions - interest of the employer to suppression of unconscientiousness of workers and Interest of the last to have stable employment. Ability of the European peasants To evade from performance of the duties before seigneurs has acquired legends; But short of legends, we have not enough facts to judge, whether the such could Practice to bring up diligent and productive peasants. Which about what Etymological supervision testify: a word it (the serf, villein), originally meaning the peasant, has got value the villain, and Transition from one value to another was especially easy that by XIV century This word began to designate not only the low social status, but also low Character. Helpless in the face of direct suppression, the person can respond Mainly a mix of hypocrisy, servility and insidiousness, also would be not It is surprising, if the life in an estate developed the same characters, as Modern prisons. Something can be taken from this the fact that replacement it Economy small farms it was accompanied by growth Manufactures though the reason could be not only the increased diligence Peasants, but also perfection of methods of managing. Conservatism - economy concerning new methods of manufacture in itself was Part of a contract problem: almost any changes of receptions of managing Assumed changes in the contract, and almost nothing justified efforts and The risk, required for contract change. 3. Self-sufficiency of an estate and monetary payments Other key line of a medieval estate was rather Small part of money as media of exchange. Monetary gathering had Minor value in comparison with hereditary obligations, Paid by work or products. The estate has been focused on itself. Its economic rhythm was defined by custom and the internal imperious Relations, instead of pressure of the prices in the near or remote markets. In the Middle Ages the markets have been attached to a place. Some of them Functioned periodically, as the local city markets, on which in Certain days were on sale agricultural products. But most